Contents:
- Medical Video: High Blood Pressure | Hypertension | Nucleus Health
- What are the medicines for emergency hypertension?
Medical Video: High Blood Pressure | Hypertension | Nucleus Health
High blood pressure is a chronic condition, and damage caused to blood vessels and organs usually occurs within a few years.
In certain cases, blood pressure can rise quickly and quite seriously so that it can be said to be a hypertensive crisis. To reduce morbidity and mortality, early evaluation of organ function and increase in blood pressure at this level is very important to determine the appropriate treatment.
The consequences of uncontrolled blood pressure can be serious and include cardiovascular problems, such as:
- Heart attack
- Angina (unstable chest pain)
- Lung edema (fluid in the lungs)
Emergency hypertension is an increase in acute and serious blood pressure, accompanied by an end-organ compromise that includes acute renal failure due to nephrosclerosis, involvement ocular with retinal exudates, hemorrhages or papilledema, hypertensive encephalopathy, acute stroke orintracranial hemorrhage, acute myocardial infarction, aortic dissection, and eclampsia.
Hypertensive encephalopathy indicates brain edema and loss of vascular integrity. If not handled, hypertensive encephalopathy can cause seizures and coma. Aortic dissection associated with a severe increase in systemic and blood pressure wall stressso that it needs to be immediately lowered to blood pressure and emergency surgery for type A dissection to reduce morbidity and mortality.
What are the medicines for emergency hypertension?
Medication for emergency hypertension is given parenterally to immediately reduce blood pressure, because at this stage it can be life threatening for the sufferer. Reduction in blood pressure must be done immediately, but carefully. However, excessive hypotensive responses can also harm and cause ischemic complications such as stroke, myocardial infarction or blindness. So, patients who experience serious, but asymptomatic hypertension, can be given an oral agent to slowly lower blood pressure.
Usually the medication used for emergency hypertension is a vasodilator, which dilates blood vessels and reduces blood pressure.
Some specific conditions and agents, namely:
Aortic dissection I:
- Labetalol IV continuous drip
- Esmolol IV, bolus later continuous drip
- Nicardipine IV continuous drip (after beta blocker)
- Nitroprusside continuous drip (after beta blocker)
Acute pulmonary edema:
- Sublingual, topical, or IV nitroglycerin continuous drip
- Enalaprilat IV
- Furosemide IV
- Nitroprusside IV
Acute coronary syndrome
- Sublingual, topical, or IV nitroglycerin continuous drip
- Beta blockers, such as metoprolol or labetalol bolus therapy
Acute sympathetic crisis
- Benzodiazepine IV bolus
- Sublingual, topical, or IV nitroglycerin continuous drip
- Phentolamine
- Verapamil IV bolus
Acute kidney failure
- Labetalol bolus
- Nicardipine IV continuous drip
- Fenoldopam IV continuous drip
- Dialysis
Hypertensive encephalopathy
- Nicardipine IV continuous drip
- Labetalol IV continuous drip
- Fenoldopam IV continuous drip
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
- Labetalol IV continuous drip
- Nicardipine IV continuous drip
- Esmolol IV, bolus, then continuous drip
Intracranial hemorrhage
- Labetalol IV bolus, or continuous drip
- Nicardipine IV continuous drip
- Esmolol IV, bolus, then continuous drip
Post-operative acute hypertension
- Nicardipine IV continuous drip
- Labetalol IV bolus, or continuous drip
- Esmolol IV, bolus later continuous drip
If you have blood pressure 180 up and above and 110 up at the bottom, and have symptoms of organ damage (chest pain, shortness of breath, back pain, numbness / weakness, changes in vision, difficulty speaking), don't wait for pressure blood decreases by itself. Immediately seek emergency medical help.
Hello Health Group does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
