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In 1988, George H.W Bush, then vice president of the United States, said: "We've had some sex ... uh ... setbacks." where he was supposed to give a speech about the success of agricultural policies that he had completed with President Reagan. Long after his political career was engraved in a history book, only this tragic slip was remembered by the wider public about Bush's senior leadership.
There are some things that you really want to say, things that can be "forgiven" when you accidentally let go, and there are also things that can trigger a disaster if you say the word - who, like it or not, often comes out of your mouth. Let slip. This is the biggest fear of any public speaker. But what really causes you to like being released when talking?
Broken, long-hidden intentions of the heart?
Looseness, tongue sprains, or lethargy are popular terms used today in a comedic way when someone makes a mistake while talking. In this situation, the chatter or the audience often "teases" the speaker that the speech mistake is actually what he honestly wants to say.
In the world of psychology, slipping is also called Freudian slip, which describes oral or memory errors that are believed to be related to the subconscious mind. Common examples include calling a partner's name with a former name, saying a wrong word, or even misinterpreting written or oral words. It is a famous psychoanalyst, Sigmund Freud, who initiated this theory of slippage.
"There are two factors that seem to play a role in bringing the 'heart's intention' into the human conscious mind: first, the effort of attention, and second, the determinant of the mind attached to psychic matter," Freud said in his book, The Psychopathology of Everyday Life. "In addition to just forgetting the name, there is another forgetfulness situation that is motivated by the reduction of emotions," Freud continued. Namely, let slip. He suspects that unacceptable thoughts or beliefs are held back from consciousness, and these "slipping" moments help you realize and express your true heart's content.
Even though Freud conveyed many hidden meanings behind the reason we were released when speaking, lethality was nothing but an inevitable part of life. According to Very well, someone generally makes one to two mistakes for every 1,000 words they say. This number ranges from 7-22 average oral loosely every day, depending on how many people speak. If Freud is right, then each of us is a time bomb waiting to explode.
How is the process of slipping?
Cognitive expert Gary Dell, professor of linguistics and psychology at the University of Illinois, was quoted from Psychology Today states that tongue loosening indicates a person's capacity to use language and its components. Dell argues, concepts, words, and voices are interconnected in three networks in the brain - semantics, lexicals, and phonology - and the way of speaking arises from the interactions of the three. But once in a while, these brain networks, which operate through a process called "deployment activation," often trip over one another (due to the concept of similar words, ambiguous pronunciation, similar associations between words, or just "error" of the brain). The result is a tongue sprain. And this, he believes, is a good thing. A language-production system that is prone to errors allows for the production of new words. Speech release is the main proof of language flexibility, proof of the great dexterity of the human mind.
One of the most common types of speech errors that linguists have identified is what is called "banalisation," the substitution of words meant by the wrong one that is more familiar or simple. There is also spoonerism (named after Rev. Willam Archibald Spooner who often misjudged), which is a slapstick of speech which results in us flipping through words in sentences due to the word "activation spread" in the racing brain. So, be "Rich base-saving" or "Cow like my milk".
In the 1980s, psychologist Daniel Wegner theorized that a brain system that aims to prevent you from slipping might be the weapon to eat, sir. According to his theory, the unconscious process continues to explore our minds to keep our deepest desires locked. Instead of holding the mind suppressed, the subconscious passes it to the brain, causing you to think about it in a conscious state. So, just stay counted down before you really let slip.
"When we think about something, we prioritize the choice of words that are relevant to that topic; they are being prepared to be spoken by mouth for times when we need them, "said Michael Motley, a psychologist from the University of California Davis, quoted by BBC. With each action, the brain must edit alternative words in the mind that compete with each other to appear; when the editing process fails, a crash occurs.
In addition, the mind can be lured by bait that is on time. For example, at lunch with friends who wear shiny blue watches. You might unconsciously call the waiter to order a "watch" instead of a "spoon" because your friend's watch steals your attention. This freedom of speech, in essence, does not represent the deepest dark desires that Freud said, even though this slippage might expose something that captures our attention without our own awareness.
People who are nervous are more susceptible to slipping, those who have OCD are more immune
The majority of oral loosening is nothing more than activating the network of language skills and speech in the wrong brain. Like a twitching eye, a system error can occur and not every error has a deep meaning.
But, everyone is different in their vulnerability to slipping into speech. As reported by Donald Broadbent's research from Cambridge University, reported by NY Times. Some evidence, for example, shows that people with obsessive-compulsive personality are relatively more resistant to tongue sprains.
This factor is more to the success of the person in sorting out words and pressing the choice of competing words to appear. To choose one action - talk, make a move - the mind must simultaneously suppress the variety of potential alternatives that are so great. When the mind fails to suppress the potential overflow of potential action, a break occurs. Those who have OCD have "programming" that is better at controlling their actions.
In addition, focus is an important factor. The more attention you put into one action, the less likely there will be an unwanted alternative response. When the brain does not focus optimally, alternative responses will be more likely to fill the void in the brain that should be filled by what we mean, so we are more susceptible to slipping.
Researchers at Oxford University found that people who are generally nervous make more speech mistakes. The Oxford researchers interpreted these findings also in terms of attention, more than psychodynamic causes. They propose that the anxiety of the anxious person and his preoccupation with being immersed in competing with whatever he may be doing in the hands to grab the attention of the brain, thus making him vulnerable to release.
What's more, someone who is susceptible to one type of error - such as slip - seems equally vulnerable to all kinds of other trivial mistakes; for example, stumble when there is no obstacle to any obstacle and also forget the name. This fact, in the view of the researcher, points to a general factor exerting influence in all aspects of mental function. In addition, the faster you speak, the more likely it is that brain communication networks from the processing of previous words are still 'hot'; the more stimulation experienced by network speech abilities, the more likely you are to talk slip.
It is true that some cases of lethargy may indeed express the subconscious mind and feelings of the speaker, but in many other cases, talking is only a matter of misunderstanding, language errors, and other trivial errors that need not be worried.
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