Contents:
- Medical Video: Hepatitis A and B | Nucleus Health
- What is hepatitis?
- Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis C
- Hepatitis D
- Hepatitis E
Medical Video: Hepatitis A and B | Nucleus Health
Maybe most people hear more about diabetes (diabetes mellitus), coronary heart disease, stroke and hypertension. However, you may rarely hear hepatitis, which is also as dangerous as other chronic diseases.
What is hepatitis?
According to WHO, hepatitis is inflammation that occurs in the liver. Hepatitis that is not treated quickly and well, will develop into cirrhosis and liver cancer. Many things can cause hepatitis, namely viruses, sexual behavior, and consuming alcohol and drugs. The so-called main cause of hepatitis is drug or alcohol addicts and having unhealthy sex. They are indeed a high-risk group for hepatitis, but actually, everyone can experience hepatitis.
There are 5 viruses, namely hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. These 5 types must be considered because they can spread to others, even death.
Hepatitis A
The Hepatitis A virus spreads via faecal-oral, which can cause acute liver function disorders. The spread of the hepatitis A virus occurs due to contamination of food and water which is then consumed by healthy people. Transmission can occur in people who have already received the vaccine and in people who have not received the vaccine. Unlike hepatitis B and C, hepatitis A does not cause chronic liver disorders and can cause complications such as cancer. But still hepatitis A can interfere with the work function of the liver and can be fatal.
Hepatitis A is commonly referred to as foodborne disease because of eating behavior and life that is not clean. In 1988 it was discovered that hepatitis A had been the cause of extraordinary events in Shanghai, because it occurred at 300 thousand people at one time. Not only in Shanghai, according to the Ministry of Health, Hepatitis A has also caused extraordinary events in Indonesia. The hepatitis A virus is not only transmitted through food, but physical contact with patients. Therefore, avoid using shared items, such as toothbrushes or mustache shavers and so on.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B affects at least 2 billion people in the world and 240 million of these sufferers experience chronic hepatitis B. According to South East Asian RegionIndonesia is the country with the second highest endemic Hepatitis B after Myanmar. HBV can survive at least 7 days outside the human body, but at that time the virus can still infect and enter the body that has not been protected by the vaccine.
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) spreads like the HIV virus, namely through sexual intercourse, in contact with bodily fluids, such as saliva. Therefore, HBV spreads 50 to 100 times easier than HIV. Having sex is the easiest thing to transmit this virus. However, this virus is not contagious because of hugs, holding hands and kissing.
Some studies suggest that HBV is also found in saliva, so kissing or alternating using the same toothbrush can increase the risk of contracting hepatitis B, in addition, HBV can also be transmitted by contact with blood to the blood, this can occur in an action medical, such as blood transfusions, surgical equipment that is exposed to the blood of the HBV sufferer is then used to a healthy person. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HBV cannot be cured
Treatment given to people with hepatitis B cannot be treated but can only be used to suppress viral growth in the body. Therefore, sufferers who experience hepatitis B must do treatment for the rest of their lives. The group most vulnerable to hepatitis B is a newborn baby, because if the mother has HBV, the baby can catch the hepatitis B virus easily.
Hepatitis C
In the world there are 130 to 150 million people who experience hepatitis C and 700 thousand people die from this disease. Same with hepatitis B, this disease is also caused by a virus that spreads from body fluid contact and sexual intercourse. This disease can cause injury to the liver and then increase the risk of liver cancer. At least as many as 25% of people who have a positive HIV virus, have hepatitis C too.
Hepatitis D
Hepatitis D is a continuation of hepatitis B. However, the incidence is not as much as the incidence of hepatitis B, which is only as many as 15 million people in the world. The hepatitis D virus occurs when there is a serious infection caused by HBV. This disease can be referred to as a chronic and acute disease caused by too much replication or growth of the hepatitis B virus. Because it is caused by the hepatitis B virus, the transmission of hepatitis D is the same as hepatitis B, which is with fluid contact in patients. Hepatitis D virus infection can be prevented by doing an anti-hepatitis B vaccine.
Hepatitis E
It is known that in the world there are 20 million people affected by hepatitis E virus infection. The hepatitis E virus is also transmitted through faecal-oral. Hepatitis E events occur in many parts of Asia and have caused extraordinary events in Indonesia. Viruses usually cause contamination in water, then the water is consumed by healthy people. In addition, half-cooked meat and transfusion of infected blood can be the cause of the occurrence of hepatitis E. Hepatitis E virus infection occurs between 2 to 6 weeks after being contaminated with the virus. Hepatitis E can be prevented by carrying out clean and healthy behaviors, choosing and consuming foods that are washed before cooking, and consuming them in a ripe state.
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