Contents:
Medical Video: Pharmacology - Local Anaesthetic
Definition
What is local anesthesia?
Local anesthesia is a drug that is injected into the tissue to numb. Local anesthesia temporarily stops the nerves so that you don't feel pain. The simplest form of local anesthesia is to inject anesthesia only in the part where the surgery will be performed. Can also be done on all nerves in the arm or leg (nerve block).
When do I need to undergo local anesthesia?
Local anesthesia is often used by dentists, surgeons, anesthesiologists, and general practitioners when performing surgery on small parts of the body. You will receive local anesthesia before undergoing minor surgery such as:
● fillings or extractions of wisdom teeth
● minor skin surgeries, such as removal of moles and warts
● biopsy, tissue samples taken for further examination of the microscope
Sometimes local anesthetics can also be used for major operations, such as certain brain surgeries. For example, if a brain tumor is located in the area of the brain that controls speech (Broca's area), you will be given local anesthesia before surgery. After the tumor is removed, you need to remain conscious in order to respond to instructions from the surgeon. This can reduce the risks that endanger your speaking ability during surgery.
Prevention & warning
What do I need to know before undergoing local anesthesia?
If you feel uncomfortable if you have to wake up during surgery, general anesthesia or general anesthesia can be done. There are also several other forms of anesthesia, such as the epidural or nerve block.
Process
What should I do before undergoing local anesthesia?
Your anesthesiologist, doctor or dentist will explain the preparation of your procedure. It is important for you to inform if you are taking certain medicines, especially blood thinners. You will also be asked to fast for 6 hours before. It is important for you to follow the advice of your doctor. Avoid consuming alcohol 24 hours before receiving local or sedative anesthesia.
What is the local anesthetic process?
You will begin to numb the area after a few minutes of injecting anesthesia. The operation will not start before the doctor is sure that the area is numb. It is important to know that local anesthesia only removes pain, but you can still feel the pressure and movement during surgery. You will feel calm for a few minutes after being given a sedative. Depending on the strength and type of sedatives used, you can feel sleepy. Sedatives can affect your breath. As long as you are sedated, your doctor will monitor constantly the amount of oxygen in your blood using a tool on your finger. You may be given extra oxygen through a mask or plastic tube.
Complications
What complications can occur?
● lack of pain relief
● allergic reactions
● bleeding
● nerve damage
● absorption of anesthetic in the bloodstream
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