Contents:
- Medical Video: PSYCHEDELIC BOYZ - PINEAL GLAND 🧠
- What is a gland?
- Various types of gland functions based on the type
- Exocrine Gland
- Endocrine
Medical Video: PSYCHEDELIC BOYZ - PINEAL GLAND 🧠
To carry out all its functions properly, the body is assisted by the work of 14 main glands. The gland of the human body consists of 9 endocrine glands (ductless gland) and 5 exocrine glands (duct gland) Come on, learn about the functions of human glands in the following full review.
What is a gland?
The gland is a sac-like tissue made of secretion cells. Glands are located in safe but prominent body locations.
The function of the gland is to produce a certain substance which plays a role in regulating various physiological functions and body activities. Substances released by the gland can be hormones, enzymes, or fluids, each of which has an important function.
There are various glands that function according to location, type of secretion, and controlled organ systems. Without adequate secretion expenditure, health problems related to enzyme and hormone deficiencies can occur.
Various types of gland functions based on the type
Broadly speaking, there are two types of glands in the human body - the exocrine glands (duct glands) and endocrine glands (ductless glands) Here's the difference between the two and what glands are included in it.
Exocrine Gland
The exocrine gland is a gland that has a channel to drain its secretions throughout the body. Most functions of the exocrine glands produce enzymes, but some produce non-enzyme fluids.
Some glands including the exocrine gland are:
- Salivary gland: This gland is located in and around the oral cavity, also in the throat. The function of the salivary gland is to produce saliva to help moisturize the mouth, initiate digestion, and protect teeth from decay.
- Pancreas: The pancreas is located in the stomach. Its function is to secrete digestive enzymes such as amylase, trypsin, and lipase to digest carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in sequence.
- Sweat glands: These glands are located on the skin. When the body temperature is too hot, these glands secrete sweat to cool the body.
- Sebaceous glands (oil glands): These glands are found in the skin to produce natural oil (sebum) which helps moisturize the skin, and makes skin and hair waterproof.
- Lacrimal Gland: Location in the eye, slightly at the top and outside of the tip of the eye. These glands secrete tears that contain protein, electrolytes, and water to moisturize, maintain, and protect the surface of the eye.
Endocrine
Endocrine glands are hormone-producing glands that have no drainage channels. The hormones it produces will be channeled through the bloodstream. Because "riding" the bloodstream, these hormones can reach parts of the body that are far from the location of the gland.
The endocrine gland consists of:
1. Pituitary gland (pituitary gland)
The pituitary gland is in the brain, just below the hypothalamus. The hormones produced by the pituitary help regulate growth, blood pressure, energy production and burning, and various functions of other organs.
This gland includes the anterior and posterior glands; each has a different type of secretion.
a) The anterior pituitary gland
Located at the front of the pituitary. This gland produces:
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH): This hormone stimulates the production of adrenal hormones.
- Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing hormone (LH): These hormones regulate the production of estrogen and progesterone in a woman's body and testosterone production in a man's body. It is located in the ovary and testis.
- Growth hormone (GH): This hormone is very important in the growth of the human body, especially in the early years. For children, this hormone helps maintain a healthy body composition. For adults, GH acts as a counterweight to fat distribution and maintains healthy bones and muscles.
- Prolactin: The main function of this hormone is to stimulate the production of breast milk in women. This hormone also has effects on different sexual activities in men and women.
- Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH): This hormone stimulates the thyroid gland to produce its own hormones, which are responsible for promoting metabolism in almost all body tissues.
b) Posterior pituitary
Located behind the front of the pituitary. This gland secures:
- Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin: This hormone is produced by the kidneys to increase absorption of water in the blood, reduce the amount of water that comes out in the urine, and help store water in the body.
- Oxytocin: Oxytocin signals the uterus to start labor. This hormone is also responsible for stimulating milk production.
2. Thyroid gland
Located in the neck and secrete thyroid hormone T3 & T4
3. Parathyroid gland
Located in the neck and secrete parathormone.
4. Adrenal glands
This gland is located in both kidneys and consists of 2 parts: the outer cortex and the inner medulla.
- Cortex: produces gluco-corticoid and mineralo-corticoid.
- Medulla: produces nor-adrenaline, which is one of the neurotransmitters (flight or fight hormones).
5. Pancreas
The pancreatic gland has both exocrine and endocrine functions. The pancreas produces various hormones that control the body's glucose metabolism. With endocrine function, the pancreas secretes insulin, glucagon, somatostatin.
6. Kidney
Produces renin angiotensin which helps control blood pressure.
7. The pineal gland
This gland is located in the brain and works as the body's biological clock. The function of the pineal gland secretes melatonin, a hormone which one of them regulates the sleep and wake cycle.
8. Gonad glands
The function of the gonadal gland is to produce sex hormones:
- Testis: Produces a male hormone testosterone that provides male characters such as beards, muscles and more. Testosterone is secreted in large amounts in men and small amounts in women.
- Ovarian: secrete estrogen and progesterone. These hormones are produced only in women and regulate the reproductive cycle.
Hello Health Group does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.
