Contents:
- Medical Video: Bariatric Surgery as a Diabetes Treatment
- What is metabolic surgery?
- Benefits that can be obtained from metabolic surgery as a cure for diabetes in obese people
- Who can undergo metabolic surgery?
- What are the risks of this operation?
Medical Video: Bariatric Surgery as a Diabetes Treatment
According to Riskesdas data compiled by the Ministry of Health in 2013, approximately 12 million Indonesians are known to have diabetes. This figure is expected to increase to 21.3 million by 2030.
One of the biggest risk factors for diabetes is obesity. Increasing fat reserves in the body will interfere with the work of insulin to control blood sugar levels, so that ultimately makes the body become resistant to insulin. Insulin resistance increases your risk of diabetes. Living a healthy lifestyle, exercising regularly, and taking diabetes medications such as metformin are the main keys to controlling the risk of diabetes. But there is one other alternative that can be used as a cure for diabetes in obese people. Recommend, metabolic surgery.
What is metabolic surgery?
Metabolic surgery is a gastrointestinal surgery whose concept was developed from bariatric surgery for obese people. According to American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery and supported by other studies, this operation is most effective in dealing with severe obesity.
One type of bariatric surgery focuses the procedure on cutting a portion of the small intestine, called intestinal bypass. This action is done by combining the upper part of the stomach with the small intestine, so your stomach is full quickly and not many calories are absorbed from food.
Cutting this part of the small intestine is reported to control symptoms of type 2 diabetes such as hyperglycemia. This operation can also reduce the risk of other diseases such as sleep apnea and certain cancers that may appear as a package of metabolic syndrome, due to blood sugar levels and high cholesterol, and excess obesity from obesity you have.
Benefits that can be obtained from metabolic surgery as a cure for diabetes in obese people
After undergoing metabolic surgery, the patient's glycemic control is reported to be better and can last between 5-15 years. This causes 30-63% of patients to experience diabetes remission.
Better glycemic control is caused by weight loss that occurs after surgery. Weight loss will increase insulin sensitivity and increase insulin expenditure. In addition to changes in gastrointestinal hormones, bile metabolism and fat also play a role in weight loss.
In addition to better glycemic control, studies have shown a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease and an increase in quality of life in patients who have taken this operation.
Who can undergo metabolic surgery?
Maybe you consider yourself fat and interested in undergoing metabolic surgery. But unfortunately, there are several conditions that must be met if you want to take this medical action, namely:
- Has a body mass index of more than 40 kg / m2. This operation will only be performed on people who have very fat bodies.
- Has a body mass index of more than 35 kg / m2 if blood glucose remains high (hyperglycemia) after lifestyle changes and therapy with optimal drugs.
- Has a body mass index of 30.0-34.9 kg / m2 if hyperglycemia is not controlled with oral or injection drugs (including insulin)
- Obesity accompanied by certain chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes or high blood pressure
- Committed to implementing a healthy lifestyle after successfully undergoing metabolic surgery and regular check-ups with a doctor.
- Dare to take risks that might occur.
If you have all the above conditions and are interested in taking this action as a cure for your diabetes, you should first consult a doctor.
What are the risks of this operation?
The procedure for metabolic surgery can be done using laparoscopy, so that major surgical risks can be avoided. Metabolic surgery is classified as a medical action with minimal risk of death; only 0.1-0.5%. As low as cholecystectomy (gallbladder removal) or hysterectomy (removal of the uterus)
But even though it sounds promising, this operation has various risks and side effects that might occur. The most common are certain malnutrition. Because, changing the shape of the digestive organs can cause your body to absorb nutrients optimally. This condition lacks vitamins and minerals can be handled easily through the provision of food supplements
The risk of hypoglycemia (low blood sugar) is rare, but not impossible. This is caused by an increase in insulin or known as hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia. People who have undergone this surgery show an increase in excessive insulin secretion after eating food.
ADA recommends that you not undergo this metabolic surgery if you have a history of alcoholism, drug abuse, major depression, suicidal tendencies, or other mental health conditions. New operations may be carried out when these conditions are handled.
