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Medical Video: 563 FA 12 :HB METHEMOGLOBIN AND CARBOXYHEMOGLOBIN
Definition
What is carboxyhemoglobin?
CO (Carbon monoxide) is a substance capable of joining Hb (hemoglobin) 200 times easier than oxygen (02). Therefore, this substance reduces the amount of hemoglobin when combined with O2. In addition, while CO binds Hb, there is a structural change in Hb, then makes oxygen bound in Hb, and causes problems. This makes the blood unable to supply O2 into the tissues and causes the body to lack oxygen. Patients can be poisoned by CO because they breathe fumes from fires. Other sources producing CO include tobacco smoke, gasoline and natural gas fuel fumes, car exhausts, gas fireplaces, non-ventilated combustion, and damaged gas stoves. To treat CO poisoning, doctors give patients high O2 doses to reduce the amount of COHb.
Prevention & warning
What should I know before undergoing carboxyhemoglobin?
This test is done to measure COHb in serum (substances formed by carbon monoxide (CO) and hemoglobin (Hb) when combined with each other). Doctors do this test to diagnose CO poisoning. Doctors perform special CO tests in patients who experience headaches, discomfort, nausea, vomiting and dizziness when inhaling CO.
Process
What should I do before undergoing carboxyhemoglobin?
The doctor will take a blood sample as soon as possible because CO will easily separate from the Hb after breathing normal air. Testing and measuring oxygen (O2) blood saturation (arterial blood gas test) are generally not significant in determining dissolved oxygen in serum in cases of CO poisoning patients. Before doing this medical technique, you must understand warnings and prevention. If you have questions, please consult your doctor for more information.
What is the process of carboxyhemoglobin?
The medical personnel who are in charge of taking your blood will take the following steps:
- wrap an elastic belt around your upper arm to stop the blood flow. This makes the blood vessels under the bond enlarge making it easier to inject needles into the vessels
- clean the part to be injected with alcohol
- inject a needle into a vein. More than one needle may be needed.
- attach the tube to the syringe to fill it with blood
- remove the ties from your arms when taking blood is enough
- attach gauze or cotton to the injected part, after the injection is finished
- put pressure on the part and then put on a bandage
What should I do after undergoing carboxyhemoglobin?
- You should bandage and press the injected part to stop bleeding
- You will be asked to take O2 in high doses
- You have to breathe to remove CO from Hb
- Discuss the questions you have about the results of your health test with your doctor.
Explanation of Test Results
What do the test results mean?
Normal results
Results of CO saturation in hemoglobin:
Non-smoker: <3%
Smoker: ≤12%
Babies: ≥0.12%
Abnormal results : prove you are CO poisoning
Warning number:> 20%
Depending on the laboratory of your choice, the normal range of these tests can vary. Discuss the questions you have about the results of your health test with your doctor.
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